Translation, Cultural Adaptation and Validation of "PROMIS GI - Disrupted Swallowing" Scale for the Portuguese Language.

INTRODUCTION: Dysphagia is a prevalent condition (20%), and occurs more frequently in women and in older people. It negatively impacts innumerous aspects of patient's personal and professional lives. Patient-reported outcomes allow patients to directly quantify their experience regarding dysphagia and evaluate its true impact on quality of life. Among the scales available, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Gastrointestinal (PROMIS GI) Disrupted Swallowing stands out because it is a robust instrument that can be applied regardless of the type and etiology of dysphagia. The aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt and validate PROMIS GI Disrupted Swallowing scale for the Portuguese-speaking population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Firstly, the seven items of the scale were translated and transculturally reviewed following the systematic method proposed by the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT). Afterwards, the pre-test version of the questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample (n = 6) for semantic evaluation, with the aim of detection and subsequent correction of possible problems in the translation. The final translated and certified version of the scale was administered to 200 voluntary adult participants (n = 123 healthy; n = 77 dysphagia) in Portugal, for evaluation of reliability and validity. RESULTS: The Portuguese version of PROMIS GI Disrupted Swallowing presented acceptable internal consistency (coefficient of Cronbach's α of 0.919) and adequate test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.941). The translated version of the scale revealed a strong correlation with both Eckardt score (p < 0.001; ρ = 0.782) and the quality-of-life questionnaire EuroQol-5D (p < 0.001; ρ = -0.551), demonstrating evidence of convergent validity. CONCLUSION: The Portuguese version of PROMIS GI Disrupted Swallowing scale presented conceptual, semantic, cultural and measurement equivalence relatively to the original items. The results attained demonstrated that the translation of this scale to Portuguese is reliable and valid for use both in clinical practice and for research purposes.

Confiabilidade da classificação de nash & moe em pacientes com escoliose idiopática do adolescente / Confiabilidad del método de nash & moe en pacientes con escoliose idiopática del adolescente / Reliability nash and moe s grades in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

ABSTRACT: Objective: Evaluate the inter and intra-observer reliability of Nash and Moe's grades, used to assess patients diagnosed with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). Methodology: Forty-seven representative x-rays of patients with AIS were randomly selected to evaluate the apical vertebral rotation (AVR) using Nash and Moe's grades. The evaluation of the AVR was made independently in two distinct moments by two observers. The inclusion criteria in the study were a patient diagnosed with AIS and an orthostasis radiography with a good-quality image. An agreement study between the evaluations and the inter and intraobserver's reliability was determined using Kappa's statistics with a confidence interval of 95%. Results: The interobservers' Kappa's value in the first evaluation was 0,44 (CI 95%; 0,22-0,66) and 0,37 (CI 95%; 0,17-0,56) in the second. In the intraobservers' evaluations, the Kappa's value for examiner 1 was 0,61 (CI 95%; 0,40-0,81) and 0,46 (CI 95%; 0,22-0,70) for examiner 2. Conclusion: This study's results demonstrated that Nash and Moe's grades are unreliable for evaluating vertebral rotation in patients with AIS. Level of Evidence III; A Cross-Sectional Study.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar a confiabilidade inter e intraobservador da classificação de Nash & Moe, usada em pacientes diagnosticados com escoliose idiopática do adolescente (EIA). Metodologia: Quarenta e sete radiografias representativas de pacientes com EIA foram selecionadas aleatoriamente para avaliação da rotação da vértebra apical (RVA), usando a classificação de Nash & Moe. A avaliação do RVA foi realizada de forma independente em dois momentos distintos, por dois examinadores. Os critérios de inclusão no estudo foram: paciente com diagnóstico de EIA e radiografia realizada em ortostase, com imagem de boa qualidade. Foi realizado um estudo de concordância entre as avaliações, e a confiabilidade inter e intraobservador foi calculada utilizando a estatística de Kappa com intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%. Resultados: O valor de Kappa interobservador na primeira avaliação foi de 0,44 (IC 95% de 0,22-0,66) e na segunda de 0,37 (IC 95% de 0,17 -0,56). Nas avaliações intraobservadores, o valor de Kappa para o examinador 1 foi de 0,61 (IC 95% de 0,40-0,81) e para o examinador 2 foi de 0,46 (IC 95% de 0,22-0,70). Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que a classificação de Nash & Moe apresenta baixa confiabilidade na avaliação do grau de rotação vertebral em pacientes com EIA. Nível de Evidência III; Estudo Transversal.

RESUMEN: Objetivo: Evaluar la confiabilidad inter e intraobservador para la clasificación de Nash & Moe, usada para estudiar pacientes diagnosticados con Escoliosis Idiopática del Adolescente (EIA). Metodología: Cuarenta y siete radiografías representativas de pacientes con EIA fueron seleccionadas aleatoriamente para evaluación de la rotación de la vértebra apical (RVA) usando la clasificación de Nash & Moe. La evaluación fue hecha de modo independiente en dos momentos distintos, por dos evaluadores. Los criterios de inclusión en el estudio fueron: paciente con diagnóstico de EIA y radiografía realizada en ortostasis, con buena calidad de imagen. Se realizó un estudio de concordancia entre las evaluaciones y se calculó la fiabilidad interobservador e intraobservador mediante la estadística de Kappa con un intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%. Resultados: El valor Kappa interobservador en la primera evaluación fue de 0,44 (IC 95%: 0,22-0,66) y en la segunda de 0,37 (IC 95%: 0,17 -0,56). En las evaluaciones intraobservador, el valor Kappa para el examinador 1 fue de 0,61 (IC 95%: 0,40-0,81) y para el examinador 2 fue de 0,46 (IC 95%: 0,22-0,70). Conclusión: Los resultados de este estudio demostraron que la clasificación de Nash & Moe tiene una baja fiabilidad para evaluar el grado de rotación vertebral en pacientes con EIA. Nivel de Evidencia III; Estudio Transversal.

Vivências sobre violência obstétrica: Boas práticas de enfermagem na assistência ao parto / Experiencias de violencia obstétrica: Buena practicas de enfermeria en la atencion al parto / Experiences in obstetric violence: Good nursing practices in birth assistance

Objetivo: O presente estudo objetivou compreender o papel dos enfermeiros na prevenção da violência obstétrica no parto. Método: Pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se do método estudo de campo, realizada em um hospital público do Brasil, contando com a participação de 10 enfermeiros. Foi realizada uma entrevista estruturada, onde os dados obtidos foram investigados por meio da análise de conteúdo de Minayo. A pesquisa obedeceu às normas da Resolução 466/12, que trata das pesquisas com seres humanos. Resultados: A análise dos dados resultou em categorias que possibilitaram discutir o enfrentamento da violência, os papéis profissionais e as ferramentas que possibilitam a execução de boas práticas no parto. Conclusão: O estudo reforça a necessidade de se criar um elo sólido entre os profissionais de saúde e as parturientes, bem como, levanta a importância da educação em saúde e educação permanente para as boas práticas assistenciais.(AU)

Objective: The present study aimed to understand the role of nurses in preventing obstetric violence during childbirth. Method: Exploratory and descriptive research, with a qualitative approach, using the field study method, carried out in a public hospital in Brazil, with the participation of 10 nurses. A structured interview was carried out, where the data obtained were investigated through Minayo's content analysis. The research followed the rules of Resolution 466/12, which deals with research involving human beings. Results: Data analysis resulted in categories that made it possible to discuss coping with violence, professional roles and tools that enable the implementation of good practices in labor and birth. Conclusion: The study reinforces the need to create a solid link between health professionals and parturients, as well as raises the importance of health education and continuing education for good care practices.(AU)

Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender el papel de los enfermeros en la prevención de la violencia obstétrica durante el parto. Método: Investigación exploratoria y descriptiva, con abordaje cualitativo, utilizando el método de estudio de campo, realizada en un hospital público de Brasil, con la participación de 10 enfermeros. Se realizó una entrevista estructurada, donde los datos obtenidos fueron investigados a través del análisis de contenido de Minayo. La investigación siguió las reglas de la Resolución 466/12, que trata de investigaciones envolviendo seres humanos. Resultados: El análisis de los datos resultó en categorías que permitieron discutir el enfrentamiento a la violencia, roles profesionales y herramientas que posibilitan la implementación de buenas prácticas en el parto. Conclusión: El estudio refuerza la necesidad de crear un vínculo sólido entre los profesionales de la salud y las parturientas, así como también plantea la importancia de la educación en salud y la educación continua para las buenas prácticas de cuidado.(AU)

Drooling rating scales in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Drooling is a clinically relevant non-motor symptom of people with Parkinson's disease (PwP). Several drooling rating scales are available. Nevertheless, the compelling scientific evidence supporting their validity is limited. This study aims to evaluate clinical rating scales for drooling, assessing their characteristics, clinimetric properties, and clinical utility classification. METHODS: A systematic review was undertaken. Two reviewers performed independent literature searches using the CENTRAL®, CINAHL®, Embase®, MEDLINE®, SciElo®, and SPEECH BITE® databases. We used consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments (COSMIN) and the International Parkinson's disease and the Movement Disorders (MDS) criteria to evaluate the included rating scales. RESULTS: The following six rating scales were identified: Drooling Impact Scale (DIS), Sialorrhea Scoring Scale (SSS), Drooling Severity and Frequency Scale (DSFS), Drooling Rating Scale (DRS), Sialorrhea Clinical Scale for Parkinson Disease (SCS-PD), and the Radboud Oral Motor inventory for Parkinson's disease - Saliva (ROMP-saliva). The scales had heterogeneous characteristics: (i) not all were created/adapted for PwP; (ii) different dimensions associated with drooling are assessed; (iii) cross-cultural adaptations are limited to some languages. The clinimetric properties showed: (i) target population size limitations; (ii) incomplete reliability analysis; (iii) lack of robust validity; (iv) sensitivity to change not fully explored. Following the MDS criteria, only one tool was classified as "recommended", the ROMP-saliva. CONCLUSIONS: This review provides information for an adequate selection of a drooling rating scale for clinical and/or research purposes. To date, ROMP-saliva is the only scale with substantial evidence of its clinimetric properties adequacy and data in PwP.

A POST-TREATMENT RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF SLIPPED CAPITAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cases of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) submitted to surgery at the Pediatric Orthopedics Surgery service of the Hospital Risoleta Tolentino Neves (HRTN), Belo Horizonte/MG, between 2016 and 2019. METHODS: Patients treated for SCFE at the HRTN between January/2016 and January/2019 participated in this study. The following data were collected: gender, age, affected side, procedure performed, and postoperative complications. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were treated at HRTN during the specified period. Among these, most were female (57%) with mean age of 12 years. At the initial diagnosis, about 80% of the patients presented with chronic/acute-on-chronic epiphysis. The left hip was slightly more affected than the right (6:5), with a bilateral rate of 47%, and avascular necrosis was the most frequent complication, occurring in 33% of cases. CONCLUSION: Slipped femoral capital epiphysis is associated with high morbidity; thus, early diagnosis, endocrine disorder investigation, and appropriate surgical treatment are key for improving these patients' clinical and functional outcome. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective study.

OBJETIVO: Analisar os casos de epifisiólise do fêmur proximal operados pelo serviço de Ortopedia Pediátrica do Hospital Risoleta Tolentino Neves (HRTN), Belo Horizonte/MG, entre os anos de 2016 e 2019. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados retrospectivamente os pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de epifisiólise no Hospital Risoleta Tolentino Neves entre janeiro/2016 a janeiro/2019. Os dados coletados para análise foram: sexo, idade, lado acometido, cirurgia realizada, complicações pós-operatórias. RESULTADOS: De janeiro de 2016 a janeiro de 2019, foram tratados 21 pacientes no HRTN. Houve predomínio do sexo feminino (57%), com média de idade de 12 anos. Cerca de 80% dos pacientes apresentaram quadro de epifisiólise crônica/ crônica-agudizada no primodiagnóstico. O lado esquerdo foi ligeiramente mais acometido em relação ao direito (6:5), com bilateralidade de 47%. A necrose avascular foi a complicação mais frequente, em 33% dos casos. CONCLUSÃO: Trata-se de quadro de alta morbidade associada, devendo haver um diagnóstico precoce, investigação de distúrbios endócrinos e tratamento cirúrgico adequado, visando uma melhora do prognóstico clínico e funcional do paciente. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo retrospectivo.

Práticas de investigação do Terapeuta da Fala em Portugal: Necessidades, barreiras e facilitadores / Research practices of the Speech-Language Pathologist in Portugal: Needs, barriers and facilitators / Prácticas de investigación del Fonoaudiólogo en Portugal: necesidades, barreras y facilitadores

Introdução: A necessidade e o interesse na investigação pelos Terapeutas da Fala (TFs) tem sido crescente. Objetivos: (i) caracterizar o nível de autonomia atual dos TFs em Portugal em investigação científica; (ii) caracterizar o nível de autonomia desejado dos TFs em Portugal em investigação científica; (iii) caracterizar as necessidades de formação assim como identificar as barreiras e facilitadores de práticas de investigação dos TFs em Portugal. Métodos: 86 TFs preencheram um questionário validado por um painel de peritos. A recolha de dados incidiu sobre: (i) nível de autonomia atual e desejado para a prática de investigação; (ii) barreiras e facilitadores inerentes à prática da investigação. Resultados: Os níveis de autonomia foram significativamente inferiores aos níveis desejados (p<0,001). A autonomia atual para a tarefa de criação de uma ideia de investigação foi significativamente inferior quando comparada com as tarefas de definição de metodologia (p<0,05), análise de dados (p<0,001), processamento de dados (p<0,001) e síntese de resultados (p<0,001). Não houve diferenças de autonomia entre a tarefa de comunicação em conferências e a tarefa de criação de uma ideia de investigação (p<0,05). A maioria reportou a necessidade de formação adicional para conseguir integrar a investigação na sua prática clínica. A principal barreira para a realização de investigação foi a ausência de tempo (64,5%). O principal facilitador foi o tempo disponível (27,7%). Conclusão: Os TFs possuem o desejo de maior autonomia no processo de investigação. A identificação de barreiras e facilitadores encontrados poderão permitir uma resposta mais adequada às capacidades e necessidades dos TFs.

Introduction: Speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) research needs and interests have been increasing over the years. Objectives: (i) characterize the SLPs' current research autonomy level in Portugal; (ii) characterize the SLPs' desired research autonomy level in Portugal; (iii) characterize the SLP's training needs as well as identify barriers and facilitators of the research practice in Portugal. Methods: 86 SLPs completed a questionnaire validated by a panel of experts. The data collection focused on: (i) current and desired research practice autonomy level; (ii) barriers and facilitators inherent to the research practice. Results: The current research autonomy levels were significantly lower than the desired levels (p<0.001). The current autonomy level of conceptualizing a research idea was significantly lower when compared to several tasks, such as defining methodology (p<0.05), data analysis (p<0.001), data processing (p<0.001) and results synthesis (p<0.001). There was no difference in autonomy between a conference communication task and research idea conceptualization task (p>0.05). Most of SLPs reported the need for additional training in order to integrate research into their clinical practice. The main barrier to conducting research was the lack of time (64.5%). The main facilitator suggested was increasing the available time (27.7%). Conclusion: SLPs have the desire to have greater autonomy in the research process. The identification of barriers and facilitators may allow a more adequate response to the research competences and needs of SLPs.

Introducción: La necesidad e interés en la investigación de los Fonoaudiólogos (FAs) está yendo en aumento. Objetivos: caracterizar: (i) el nivel actual de autonomía de los FAs en la investigación científica tomando Portugal como referencia; (ii) el nivel deseado de autonomía de los FAs en Portugal en la investigación científica; (iii) las necesidades de formación, así como barreras y facilitadores de las prácticas de investigación de los FAs en Portugal. Métodos: 86 FAs completaron un cuestionario validado por un panel de expertos. La recopilación de datos se centró en: (i) el nivel de autonomía actual y deseado para la práctica de la investigación; (ii) barreras y facilitadores de la práctica de la investigación. Resultados: Los niveles de autonomía fueron significativamente más bajos que los niveles deseados (p<0,001). La autonomía actual para crear/idear investigación fue significativamente menor en comparación con la de definición de métodos (p<0,05), análisis de datos (p<0,001), procesamiento de datos (p<0,001) y síntesis de resultados (p<0,001). No se encontraron diferencias en la autonomía entre la comunicación en conferencias y crear/idear investigación (p<0,05). La mayoría de FAs informó sobre la necesidad de formación adicional para integrar la investigación en su práctica. La principal barrera investigar fue la falta de tiempo (64,5%). El principal facilitador fue el tiempo disponible (27,7%). Conclusión: los FAs desean más autonomía en la investigación. Las barreras y facilitadores identificadas pueden permitir una respuesta más adecuada a las capacidades y necesidades de los FAs.

A post-treatment retrospective evaluation of slipped capital femoral epiphysis / Avaliação pós-tratamento de epifisiólise proximal do fêmur: estudo retrospectivo

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the cases of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) submitted to surgery at the Pediatric Orthopedics Surgery service of the Hospital Risoleta Tolentino Neves (HRTN), Belo Horizonte/MG, between 2016 and 2019. Methods: Patients treated for SCFE at the HRTN between January/2016 and January/2019 participated in this study. The following data were collected: gender, age, affected side, procedure performed, and postoperative complications. Results: Twenty-one patients were treated at HRTN during the specified period. Among these, most were female (57%) with mean age of 12 years. At the initial diagnosis, about 80% of the patients presented with chronic/acute-on-chronic epiphysis. The left hip was slightly more affected than the right (6:5), with a bilateral rate of 47%, and avascular necrosis was the most frequent complication, occurring in 33% of cases. Conclusion: Slipped femoral capital epiphysis is associated with high morbidity; thus, early diagnosis, endocrine disorder investigation, and appropriate surgical treatment are key for improving these patients' clinical and functional outcome. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective study.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar os casos de epifisiólise do fêmur proximal operados pelo serviço de Ortopedia Pediátrica do Hospital Risoleta Tolentino Neves (HRTN), Belo Horizonte/MG, entre os anos de 2016 e 2019. Métodos: Foram analisados retrospectivamente os pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de epifisiólise no Hospital Risoleta Tolentino Neves entre janeiro/2016 a janeiro/2019. Os dados coletados para análise foram: sexo, idade, lado acometido, cirurgia realizada, complicações pós-operatórias. Resultados: De janeiro de 2016 a janeiro de 2019, foram tratados 21 pacientes no HRTN. Houve predomínio do sexo feminino (57%), com média de idade de 12 anos. Cerca de 80% dos pacientes apresentaram quadro de epifisiólise crônica/ crônica-agudizada no primodiagnóstico. O lado esquerdo foi ligeiramente mais acometido em relação ao direito (6:5), com bilateralidade de 47%. A necrose avascular foi a complicação mais frequente, em 33% dos casos. Conclusão: Trata-se de quadro de alta morbidade associada, devendo haver um diagnóstico precoce, investigação de distúrbios endócrinos e tratamento cirúrgico adequado, visando uma melhora do prognóstico clínico e funcional do paciente. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo retrospectivo.

Phonological characteristics of European and Brazilian Portuguese in children with Speech Sound Disorders.

This study aims to describe and compare the phonological characteristics of European Portuguese and Brazilian Portuguese preschool and school age children with Speech Sound Disorders (SSD). Speech samples for the European Portuguese Group (EPG) (n = 13) were collected using Subteste Fonético e Fonológico of Teste Fonético e Fonológico Avaliação da Linguagem Pré-Escolar. For the Brazilian Portuguese Group (BPG) (n = 13) Prova de Nomeação de Fonologia of Teste de Linguagem Infantil ABFW was applied. Different phonological measures were considered. Groups were matched according to sex, age, and percentage of correct consonants (revised). EPG presented more weak syllable deletion (p = .00); absolute index and relative index had a higher number of omissions (p = .003). BPG had more substitutions (p = .004). Intragroup analysis showed differences between groups in the occurrence of phonological processes (p ≤ 0.00). The most occurring was gliding of liquids, cluster reduction and devoicing in both groups; for the absolute index and relative index, the EPG presented differences in omission (p = .003), and the BPG in substitution (p = .002). Results suggested differences between groups in phonological processes occurrence and a relation with the most frequent type of error. These findings may occur due to the variation of phonetic and phonological characteristics between European Portuguese and Brazilian Portuguese in the two phonological tests. Linguistic variations had not directly influenced the measures studied, which characterized SSD. European Portuguese and Brazilian Portuguese children with SSD demonstrated similar characteristics as to the type of errors and phonological processes.

Clinical features associated with drooling in Parkinson's disease.

INTRODUCTION: Drooling is characterized by an excessive pooling of saliva in the oral cavity. The exact pathophysiological mechanism of drooling in Parkinson's disease (PD) is not yet fully understood. OBJECTIVE: To identify the relationship between drooling and other clinical features in people diagnosed with PD. METHOD: Research on the topic was carried out on the PubMed and ScienceDirect electronic databases. Articles published between March 2015 and March 2020 were selected. Search terms and inclusion and exclusion criteria were previously defined. The articles included met those requirements. RESULTS: Sixteen articles were included for analysis. The prevalence of drooling varies between 9.26 and 70% and can occur at any stage of the disease. Higher prevalence of drooling is related to disease duration, disease severity, older age, male, levodopa equivalent dose, hypomimia, dysphagia, dysarthria, cognition, sleep, non-dominant tremor, motor fluctuations, bradykinesia, more symmetric pattern, gastrointestinal and urinary problems, sexual dysfunction, obstipation, and orthostatic hypotension. However, it is not related to hallucinations, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, akinetic-rigid PD, mixed, nor dyskinesias. CONCLUSION: Drooling is not caused by a single factor; it is influenced and related to several clinical features. Some clinical factors participate in the onset of drooling while others are concomitant.

Association between sarcopenia and diabetes in community dwelling elderly in the Amazon region - Viver Mais Project.

BACKGROUND: Studies indicate the intrinsic relationship between sarcopenia and diabetes mellitus (DM) pathophysiological mechanisms. Changes in insulin and muscular metabolism are features of diabetic patients and can interact as sarcopenic accelerators. Conversely, sarcopenic patients feature lower glucose tolerance and higher serum insulin levels, predisposing them to DM. OBJECTIVE: To study the association between sarcopenia and DM in a community-dwelling elderly population of the Amazon region. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, performed in Belém, Brazil, with 1078 patients aged above 60 years old from the Viver Mais Project (VMP). The definition of sarcopenia was based in the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). Calf circumference >31 cm was considered normal, muscle strength was discriminated by BMI and measured with the hand grip test, and gait speed <0.8 m/s configured low performance. DM was diagnosed when reported by the patient or medical form, use of hypoglycemic medications/insulin and in the presence of fasting glucose >126 mg/dl or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >6.5% on two occasions. Other medical and socio-demographic data were extracted from medical forms. RESULTS: The frequency of sarcopenia was 9.4%, while DM was present in 36.87% of the patients, and had an increased occurrence in the sarcopenic group. Female sex, advanced age, DM, coronary insufficiency, osteoporosis, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides and functionality were associated with sarcopenia. In multivariate analysis, sarcopenia remained strongly associated with DM (OR: 3.208, 95%CI: 1.784-5.769). CONCLUSION: This study describes strong and independent association between sarcopenia and DM. To further clarify these findings, broader prospective cohorts are necessary.

Cobertura do exame citopatológico do colo do útero no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, no período entre 2000-2010: um estudo a partir dos dados do Sistema de Informação do Câncer do Colo do Útero (SISCOLO) / Cervical cancer screening coverage in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil between 2000-2010: a study using data from the Cervical Cancer Information System (SISCOLO)

Resumo O estudo analisou o rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero em Minas Gerais, Brasil, quanto ao número de exames realizados anualmente e à cobertura do exame citopatológico. A fonte de dados foi o Sistema de Informação do Câncer do Colo do Útero (SISCOLO). Utilizou-se um estudo de série temporal referente à realização do exame, no período entre 2000-2010, em mulheres de 25 a 59 anos, residentes nesse Estado e usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Realizaram-se comparações em relação às metas pactuadas para o Programa Viva Mulher para as macrorregiões. Observou-se cobertura inferior à meta pactuada pelo Programa Viva Mulher (63,8%) e à estimada pelos critérios populacionais (66,4%). Em 2000, as macrorregiões que apresentaram maior cobertura em relação às duas metas foram: Triângulo do Norte, Triângulo do Sul e Centro. No ano de 2010, observaram-se mudanças em relação à posição ocupada pelas macrorregiões e melhorias na cobertura. Quanto à meta SUS, as macrorregiões Nordeste, Jequitinhonha e Sul apresentaram as maiores coberturas. As diferenças entre as duas metas avaliadas neste estudo sobre a cobertura da realização do exame de Papanicolau destacam a importância da escolha do critério para estabelecimento de metas.

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the cervical cancer screening in Minas Gerais, Brazil, regarding the number of tests performed annually and its coverage. We used data from the Cervical Cancer Information System (SISCOLO). Screenings performed between 2000 and 2010 were analyzed regards time sequence for women who lived in the state, aged 25-59 and users of the Unified Health System (SUS). We performed comparisons against target goals agreed for the Viva Mulher Program in the macroregions. The overall coverage was lower than the one set by Viva Mulher Program (63.8%) and also lower than the estimated by the population criteria (66.4%). In 2000, macroregions that showed the highest coverage for the two goals were: Northern Triangle, South and Central Triangle. In 2010, there were changes regarding the position occupied by the macroregions and coverage improvements. As for SUS targets, the Northern, Jequitinhonha and South macro-regions had the highest coverage. The differences between the two targets evaluated in this study highlight the importance of the criteria chosen for setting goals.

Aspectos relacionados à alimentação em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos em Minas Gerais / Food related aspects in Long Term Care Institutions for Elderly in Minas Gerais

A inadequação nutricional em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos tem sido crescentemente reconhecida como um campo de pesquisas prioritário em todo o mundo. O presente estudo, transversal e ecológico, caracteriza tais instituições de Minas Gerais, com foco nas diferenças segundo sua natureza, filantrópica ou privada, no que se refere à abordagem da questão alimentar. As análises descritivas (medianas, proporções e medidas de dispersão) foram realizadas com dados de Pesquisa da Fundação João Pinheiro. Dentre as 135 Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos, houve diferenças entre proporções, acima de 10% para as variáveis: a possibilidade de comer fora do horário, a definição prévia do cardápio semanal, a definição do cardápio diário pela nutricionista, a existência de nutricionistas contratados ou cedidos, se era servida alguma fruta no café da manhã, se era servido algum biscoito no café da manhã, se era servido algo mais no café da manhã e se era servido algo mais no almoço além de arroz, carne, legumes e verduras. Em todas essas situações, a proporção foi maior entre as Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos privadas. Os achados também sugerem baixo consumo de frutas nas instituições. Finalmente, conclui-se que as Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos filantrópicas estão em desvantagem em comparação às privadas.

The nutritional inadequacy in Long Term Care Institutions for Elderly has been increasingly recognized worldwide as an important field of research. This crossectional and ecological study, featuring these kind of institution of the Minas Gerais state, Brazil, focus on differences by spending source (philanthropic or private spending), in relation to food issues. The descriptive analyses (median, proportions and dispersion measures) were conducted based on data from Fundação João Pinheiro. Among the 135 Long Term Care Institutions for Elderly, there were differences between proportions above 10% for the following variables: the possibility to eat outside regular hours, the previous definition of the weekly menu, setting the daily menu by the nutritionist, presence of nutritionists. Differences above 10% were also noted for the followings servings: some fruit for breakfast; some biscuit for breakfast; something more for breakfast; something else for lunch other than rice, meat and vegetables. In all these situations, the proportion was higher among private Long Term Care Institutions for Elderly. The findings also suggest low fruit consumption in these institutions. We conclude that philanthropic Long Term Care Institutions for Elderly are in disadvantage as compared to the private ones regarding food issues.